AVIATION STATISTICS - 2004

TSB Statistical Summary Aviation Occurrences 2004

Table 7 - Canadian-Registered Aircraft Involved in Accidents by Operation Type 1995-2004

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004
Aeroplanes Involved in Accidents
Training	34	31	42	49	43	45	46	20	34	25
Pleasure / Travel	147	130	138	130	130	116	108	102	122	118
Business	17	9	9	15	10	9	10	6	8	5
Test / Demonstration / Ferry	10	15	9	14	9	5	7	7	5	7
Aerial Application	13	17	11	17	9	12	13	6	13	3
Fire Fighting / Fire Management	1	0	2	3	2	3	2	2	2	3
Survey / Inspection	1	3	4	3	2	0	2	5	2	1
Air Ambulance	3	1	3	3	3	0	3	2	1	2
Air Transport	76	50	62	67	67	53	43	49	42	37
Sightseeing	1	1	4	1	0	5	1	1	4	0
Other / Unknown	11	16	10	16	11	10	8	10	9	5
Total	314	273	294	318	286	258	243	210	242	206
Aeroplanes Involved in Fatal Accidents
Training	1	0	2	5	2	2	2	1	3	4
Pleasure / Travel	20	16	16	11	14	12	10	11	15	10
Business	2	1	2	2	3	3	4	0	0	0
Test / Demonstration / Ferry	5	5	1	2	1	1	2	3	0	0
Aerial Application	1	0	0	0	1	2	0	0	1	0
Fire Fighting / Fire Management	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	0
Survey / Inspection	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	2	0	0
Air Ambulance	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
Air Transport	12	6	6	4	5	4	4	5	4	3
Sightseeing	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
Other / Unknown	1	4	0	1	1	1	1	0	2	1
Total	45	34	29	25	28	26	25	23	26	18
Helicopters Involved in Accidents
Training	4	4	9	5	6	11	11	9	6	4
Pleasure / Travel	5	1	6	0	0	3	4	2	1	5
Business	2	1	2	5	1	1	4	6	1	0
Test / Demonstration / Ferry	4	4	4	0	3	4	1	5	0	2
Aerial Application	4	2	0	1	1	2	1	1	2	3
Fire Fighting / Fire Management	9	5	2	10	7	2	2	6	6	4
Survey / Inspection	2	7	5	7	4	4	0	3	8	2
Air Ambulance	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0
Air Transport	21	17	15	14	10	11	12	14	11	16
Sightseeing	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
Other / Unknown	17	14	13	14	13	15	10	10	9	7
Total	68	56	56	57	46	53	46	56	44	41
Helicopters Involved in Fatal Accidents
Training	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	0	0	0
Pleasure / Travel	1	0	0	0	0	1	2	0	0	1
Business	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	1	0	0
Test / Demonstration / Ferry	1	2	1	0	0	1	1	2	0	0
Aerial Application	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fire Fighting / Fire Management	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
Survey / Inspection	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	1
Air Ambulance	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Air Transport	4	3	3	2	1	1	1	0	0	2
Sightseeing	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
Other / Unknown	1	1	2	1	2	5	1	3	1	0
Total	11	7	8	6	4	11	6	6	3	4

Figures are peliminary as of March 31, 2005

Table 8 - Incidents Involving Canadian-Registered Aircraft by Incident Type 1995-2004

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004
Incidents
Risk of Collision / Loss of Separation	120	156	185	149	142	130	168	168	124	185
Declared Emergency	165	165	157	183	173	174	209	232	229	204
Engine Failure	120	133	115	133	121	129	157	135	104	118
Smoke / Fire	45	68	46	86	71	71	92	83	82	81
Collision	3	1	7	3	7	8	17	19	16	21
Control Difficulties	22	19	13	28	18	25	28	28	41	41
Crew Unable to Perform Duties	3	8	13	8	17	15	13	37	48	50
Dangerous Goods-Related	0	7	4	3	3	2	6	0	2	0
Depressurization	13	12	12	19	6	4	15	18	17	7
Fuel Shortage	2	0	2	6	7	1	2	1	6	10
Failure to Remain in Landing Area	11	8	9	8	10	13	4	6	3	10
Incorrect Fuel	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	2
Slung Load Released	3	1	2	1	5	6	8	3	4	5
Transmission or Gearbox Failure	0	2	1	1	3	2	2	2	1	2
Total1	507	580	566	628	583	580	721	733	677	736

1. Incidents involving Canadian-registered aircraft only; Table 1 includes those involving foreign aircraft.

Figures are peliminary as of March 31, 2005

Table 9 - Canadian-Registered Aircraft Involved in Incidents Selected Incident Types vs. First Event 2000-2004

Incident Type	First Event	Aircraft Involved
Risk of Collision/  Loss of Separation   1244 Aircraft Involved
	Air Proximity	319
	ATS-Related Event	730
	Altitude-Related Event	32
	Runway Incursion	74
	Other	89
Declared  Emergency   1048 Aircraft Involved
	Landing Gear Failure	182
	Hydraulic Failure	148
	Electrical Failure	45
	Other Component Failure	362
	Other	311
Engine Failure   643 Aircraft Involved
	Power Loss - First Engine	267
	Component Failure	319
	Other	57
Smoke/Fire   409 Aircraft Involved
	Fire/Explosion	289
	Component Failure	105
	Other	15
Control  Difficulties   163 Aircraft Involved
	Component Failure	67
	Weather-Related Event	39
	Other	57

Figures are peliminary as of March 31, 2005

APPENDIX B - DEFINITIONS

The following definitions apply to aviation occurrences that are required to be reported pursuant to the Canadian Transportation Accident Investigation and Safety Board Act and the associated regulations.

Aviation Occurrence

1. Any accident or incident associated with the operation of an aircraft; and
2. Any situation or condition that the Board has reasonable grounds to believe could, if left unattended, induce an accident or incident described in a) above.

Reportable Aviation Accident

An accident resulting directly from the operation of an aircraft where

1. a person sustains a serious injury or is killed as a result of
   1. being on board the aircraft;
   2. coming into contact with any part of the aircraft or its contents; or
   3. being directly exposed to the jet blast or rotor downwash of the aircraft;
2. the aircraft sustains damage that adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and that requires major repair or replacement of any affected component part; or
3. the aircraft is missing or inaccessible.

Reportable Aviation Incident

An incident resulting directly from the operation of an aeroplane having a maximum certificated take-off weight (MCTOW) greater than 5700 kg, or from the operation of a rotorcraft having a MCTOW greater than 2250 kg, where

1. an engine fails or is shut down as a precautionary measure;
2. a transmission gearbox malfunction occurs;
3. smoke or fire occurs;
4. difficulties in controlling the aircraft are encountered owing to any aircraft system malfunction, weather phenomena, wake turbulence, uncontrolled vibrations or operations outside the flight envelope;
5. the aircraft fails to remain within the intended landing or take-off area, lands with all or part of the landing gear retracted, or drags a wing tip, an engine pod, or any other part of the aircraft;
6. any crew member whose duties are directly related to the safe operation of the aircraft is unable to perform the crew member's duties as a result of physical incapacitation that poses a threat to the safety of any person, property, or the environment;
7. depressurization occurs that necessitates an emergency descent;
8. a fuel shortage occurs that necessitates a diversion or requires approach and landing priority at the destination of the aircraft;
9. the aircraft is refuelled with the incorrect type of fuel or contaminated fuel;
10. a collision, risk of collision, or loss of separation occurs;
11. a crew member declares an emergency or indicates any degree of emergency that requires priority handling by an air traffic control unit or the standing by of emergency response services;
12. a slung load is released unintentionally or as a precautionary or emergency measure from the aircraft; or
13. any dangerous goods are released in or from the aircraft.

Serious Injury

An injury that is sustained by a person in an accident and that

1. requires hospitalization for more than 48 hours, commencing within seven days of the date the injury was received; or
2. results in a fracture of any bone (except simple fractures of fingers, toes or nose); or
3. involves lacerations that cause severe haemorrhage or nerve, muscle or tendon damage; or
4. involves injury to any internal organ; or
5. involves second or third degree burns, or any burns affecting more than 5% of the body surface; or
6. involves verified exposure to infectious substances or injurious radiation.

ATS-Related Event

Any event related to the provision of air traffic control services including, but not limited to, failure or inability to provide service, emergency handling, or loss of in-flight separation.

Air Proximity Event

A situation in which, in the opinion of a pilot or air traffic services personnel, the distance between aircraft as well as their positions and speed have been such that the safety of the aircraft involved may have been compromised.

Commercial Operators

Commercial operators include carriers that offer a "for-hire" service to transport people or goods, or to undertake specific tasks such as aerial photography, flight training, or crop spraying.

Airliner

An aeroplane used by a Canadian air operator in an air transport service or in aerial work involving sightseeing operations, that has a MCTOW of more than 8618 kg (19 000 pounds) or for which a Canadian type certificate has been issued authorizing the transport of 20 or more passengers.

Commuter Aircraft

An aeroplane used by a Canadian air operator, in an air transport service or in aerial work involving sightseeing operations, of any of the following aircraft:

1. a multi-engined aircraft that has a MCTOW of 8618 kg (19 000 pounds) or less and a seating configuration, excluding pilot seats, of 10 to 19 inclusive;
2. a turbo-jet-powered aeroplane that has a maximum zero fuel weight of 22 680 kg (50 000 pounds) or less and for which a Canadian type certificate has been issued authorizing the transport of not more than 19 passengers.

Aerial Work Aircraft

A commercially operated aeroplane or helicopter used in aerial work involving

1. the carriage on board of persons other than flight crew members;
2. the carriage of helicopter external loads;
3. the towing of objects; or
4. the dispersal of products.

Air Taxi Aircraft

A commercially operated aircraft used in an air transport service or in aerial work involving sightseeing operations, in which the aircraft is:

1. a single-engined aircraft;
2. a multi-engined aircraft, other than a turbo-jet-powered aeroplane, that has a MCTOW of 8618 kg (19 000 pounds) or less and a seating configuration, excluding pilot seats, of nine or less; or
3. any aircraft that is authorized by the Minister of Transport to be operated under Part VII, Subpart 3, Division 1 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs).

State Operators

State operators include the federal and provincial governments.

Corporate Operators

Corporate operators include companies flying for business reasons.

Private Operators

Private operators include individuals flying for pleasure. Included are flights on which it is not possible to transport people or cargo on a "for-hire" basis.

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1. It is agreed by convention that, for a result to be considered statistically signi.cant, its probability must be lower than 1 in 20 (that is, p <.05).

2. As some occurrences involve more than one aircraft, users are cautioned to note differences between the number of occurrences and the number of aircraft involved in occurrences. All tables except Table 1 exclude ultralight aircraft; all tables except tables 1 and 3 also exclude balloons, gliders and gyrocopters.

3. Canadian-registered aircraft (excluding ultralights)

4. Two of the 24 accidents involved gliders.

5. Please refer to the de.nitions in Appendix B for explanations for ATS-related and air proximity events.